World map of Mahmud al-Kashgari.

Description: World map of Mahmud al-Kashgari.
11th century

This turkocentric world map was published in al-Kashgari's "Compendium of the languages of the Turks" in the 11th century, oriented with east on the top, showing Taklamakan and the Altai in the centre, the Caspian Sea to the north, Iraq, Azerbaijan, Yemen and Egypt to the the west, China and Japan to the east, Hindustan, Kashmir, Gog and Magog to the south. The world is shown as encircled by the ocean.